ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the risk factors for intraoperative hypotension (IOH) in patients undergoing double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) artificial liver support therapy. Methods Clinical data were collected from 181 patients (670 cases in total) who underwent DPMAS artificial liver support therapy in Liver Disease Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from October 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020, and according to the presence or absence of IOH during DPMAS therapy, they were divided into IOH group with 70 patients and non-IOH group with 111 patients.Clinical indicators were compared between the two groups and their association with IOH was analyzed; prognosis was analyzed at 12 and 24 weeks.The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for IOH.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the Z test was used for comparison of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of independent risk factors. Results The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female individuals, individuals aged ≥50 years, and individuals with normal or low body mass index (BMI) tended to have a higher risk of IOH (all P < 0.05), and the multivariate analysis showed that normal or low BMI (odds ratio [ OR ]=3.290, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 1.523-7.108, P =0.002) and female sex ( OR =5.146, 95% CI : 2.316-11.432, P < 0.001) were independent risk factor for IOH in patients undergoing DPMAS artificial liver support therapy.The ROC curve analysis of female sex+BMI ≤24 kg/m 2 showed that it had an AUC of 0.639 in predicting IOH ( P =0.002).The patients experiencing IOH had a 12-week survival rate of 55.77%(29/52) and a 24-week survival rate of 50%(26/52), and there were significant differences between the two groups in 12-and 24-week survival rates (12-week: 76.53% vs 55.77%, χ 2 =6.887, P =0.009;24-week: 74.49% vs 50.00%, χ 2 =9.080, P =0.003). Conclusion The risk of hypotension was higher in female patients and that with normal or low BMI during DPMAS artificial liver therapy.Patients with IOH had poor survival prognosis at 24 weeks after DPMAS therapy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the 24-week survival status of patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) treated with plasma exchange (PE) and double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) alone or in combination, and to establish a predictive model for 24-week prognosis. Methods Related clinical data were collected from 133 patients with HBV-ACLF who received PE and DPMAS alone or in combination in The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2015 to December 2019, and according to the survival status at the 24-week follow-up after treatment, they were divided into survival group with 71 patients and death group with 62 patients. A total of 55 patients with HBV-ACLF who received PE and DPMAS alone or in combination in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2018 to January 2020 were enrolled as validation group to validate the performance of the model. Related clinical data included mode of artificial liver support therapy, age, sex, total bilirubin (TBil), international normalized ratio (INR), creatinine (Cr), serum sodium, platelet count (PLT), albumin (Alb), and presence or absence of ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between two groups; the chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test were used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Cox regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the prognosis of HBV-ACLF patients after PE and DPMAS alone or in combination and establish a predictive model; the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted and the DeLong method was used to compare the area under the ROC curve (AUC) between the new predictive model and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD)/MELD combined with serum sodium concentration (MELD-Na) scores. Results At 24 weeks after treatment, 71 patients survived and 62 patients died in the modeling group. The Cox regression analysis showed age (hazard ratio [ HR ]=1.030, P =0.013), TBil ( HR =1.018, P < 0.001), INR ( HR =1.517, P < 0.001), and PLT ( HR =0.993, P =0.04) were independent influencing factors for 24-week survival. According to the results of the Cox regression analysis, a prognostic model for HBV-ACLF patients treated with PE and DPMAS alone or in combination was established as ATIP=0.029×age (years)+0.018×TBil (mg/dL)+0.417×INR-0.007×PLT (10 9 /L). Both the modeling group and the validation group showed that the ATIP model had a better predictive performance than MELD and MELD-NA scores(all P < 0.05). Conclusion Age, TBil, INR, and PLT are independent influencing factors for the 24-week survival of HBV-ACLF patients treated with PE and DPMAS alone or in combination, and the ATIP model has a good performance in predicting the 24-week prognosis of HBV-ACLF patients treated with PE and DPMAS alone or in combination.